First, we may need to have a comprehensive overview of both the terms press and CNC, which are among the most widely used new technologies in the industry. CNC is known as a technology that entered the field of production and industry in the early 1970s. Therefore, it is better to have a definition of “press” first and then go to the meaning and concept of “CNC”. At the earliest definition of a press machine, the word press meaning to put something under heavy pressure that often leads to cut. But the press machine is; A special device used to compress and shape various materials. In many cases, a press a machine is also used to shape or hold the subject for change. Regarding the CNC machine, in a short definition “CNC press machine is derived from the concept of Computer Numerical Control”. A concept that is more of a numerical change control; Perhaps this term is an interpretation for devices that are supposed to make the desired changes on metals and even steel and iron and aluminum sheets by entering numbers and figures. These devices are among the new technologies in the field of industry. Technologies that have been around for decades have seen their visual changes around us.
Up To Date and new devices that many industry owners can apply this time instead of hand or force pressure can provide the necessary command to the cutting or pressing machine via computer to achieve the ultimate goal in new design or shaping steel or aluminum sheets.
If we take a brief look at the environment and the variety of iron and steel products that we see in its original form in housing and urban construction, we will notice major changes in the design and trend of urban buildings such as today’s tendency to aluminum composite panel for exterior and interior facing of properties. A new orientation that even shows the difference in the variety of designs and colors and the formation of iron and metal in the new structures of urban constructions.
Moreover, if you look at the complex design of building fences to the fences around city tables, you’ll see some initial changes to the design over the past decade. What’s certain is that
new technologies are being used.
Operator of “CNC press” machine pass the commands to the machine via computer. Regarding the performance of this device: to provide changes such as cutting or pressure to present the design to iron or metal and even non-metals, the method and depth of pressure or cutting to metal or nonmetals through computer and with numbers with a specific code to A specific command is embedded. This command is ready to move to apply pressure or cut.
The number of metal or non-metallic sheets that are pressurized or cut under the CNC press machine will only be able to do the commands provided by the computer, so working with these machines usually requires expert’s knowledge.
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CNC Press machine types
There are different criteria to classifying press machines, but the main feature in the classification of press machines is the pressure source. Pressure is sometimes applied to metal or
non-metal by pumps such as hydraulic or pneumatic pumps. Therefore, presses are usually divided into CNC brake, hydraulic presses, mechanical presses, crunches or crankshafts, knots or knots, as well as centrifugal presses, gear presses and screw presses, respectively.
It should be noted that the press machine is usually used by CNC laser pressure to form metals and non-metals, but it is not only the CNC press that is used for this purpose, but also there is other press machines:
Roller press machine
The roller press machine is another prominent example of a press machine used to form metal. A roller press machine is a set of rollers that is used through the rollers of this machine to form an alloy. For example, a sheet of metal or steel is placed between two rollers, and this rotation continues in several steps to create a thinner metal. Other uses of the roller press include its performance on more fragile parts, he said, adding that through the roller press, the brittle parts are shaped to the desired shape by the stamped pressures on which these rollers apply pressure. They repeatedly hit the material until the material reaches the desired shape.
Impact press machine
Another press machine on the market that strikes hot and cold materials by applying impact pressure to materials or alloys is the impact press machine. The hot blow press is also used to make heavy materials such as airplanes or trains, while cold impact presses are used to form small alloys.
Drill a press machine
This device is another common press device on the market that is used to form the desired metal or alloy. One of the function of this device is to cut and shape the metal, so that through this device, the necessary pressure is first applied to the desired metal, and then the cut metal falls under a larger tray under the device after this stage, the metal in question enters the cutting phase. It should be noted that sometimes the amount and number of times the impact pressure can be applied by the impact machine can be performed by the computer, so that the press machine cuts the metal impact metal or alloy according to the dimensions entered into the computer or even the number of strokes. It is used to push and shape.
CNC press
This press machine is similar to the previous press machine, except that in this machine, according to the user defined for the CNC press machine, which is a controller device to which the the main characteristic of the CNC machine has been added. The controller, which uses a computer to order the depth of cut or pressure on an alloy or metal, is commanded by codes, each of which is related to a specific type of alloy or metal depth.
For example, a pressure of 1 mm to the intended metal or alloy is to be applied, so the computer user or operator uses commands that begin with a G-abbreviated code to the computer to order this amount of cut or pressure, then the CNC press machine. After receiving the command via computer, it takes the necessary measures to execute the command
regarding the intended alloy or metal. For example, codes with the G01 mark mean the linear motion command, or G02 and G03 for the circular motion of the alloy or metal.
It should be noted that in the industry, a CNC machine of any kind (cutting, milling, stone, tools, sharpener, injection, press, etc.) is best known for its CONTROLLER.
Pros and cons of CNC press machine
It may not be bad to mention the advantages and disadvantages of using a CNC machine. Industry experts believe that the benefits of using CNC machines include:
- Continuous production without the need for an operator
- High precision in production with the possibility of making complex parts
- High repeatability and manufacturing of the same parts and on the other hand
- Ability to simulate the construction of the intended alloy as software.
Beside considering these:
- High cost of maintenance
- High purchase prices or high energy consumption is sometimes mentioned.
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